初学者听力文摘精选：值夜班

Its time to go again to the A Moment of Science mailbag. A listener writes:
又到了大家查询《科学一刻》栏目读者来信的时候了，一位听众如此写道：

Dear A Moment of Science,
亲爱的《科学一刻》栏目，

My husband works a night shift, and Im worried that it might be affecting his health. He sleeps during the day, but somehow that doesnt seem the same as getting a good nights rest. Am I worrying unnecessarily, or not?
目前我老公在值夜班，我非常担忧如此会干扰他的健康。他目前都是白天睡觉，但不知什么问题，如此休息的成效看上去不如晚上休息那样好。我的担忧是不是有必要呢？

Actually, burning the midnight oil, as it were, may raise the risk for depression and some learning deficits. But not only because people who work at night dont get enough sleep. According to one study, scientists think its also because of too much exposure to light.
事实上，熬夜会增加好友们罹患抑郁的风险，，并且会致使学习力不足。但，这并不完全是由于在晚间工作的大家没得到足够的休息。依据一项研究，科学家们觉得过多地暴露在光线下也是缘由之一。

Waitwhy would being exposed to light be a problem?
等一等 | 为何暴露在光线下会成为问题呢？

Because it raises the levels of stress hormones in the body, hormones that have been linked to depression and to slower cognition. Now, its worth noting that the study was done on mice. And although mice are sensitive to overexposure to light in ways similar to people, how humans react to light is not identical to mice.
由于光线会致使人体内应激激素水平增加，这种激素是与抑郁情绪和缓慢的认知有联系的。目前，值得注意的是，这项试验是在菜鸟鼠身上进行的。尽管菜鸟鼠对于过度暴露在光线下的敏锐反应与人类相似，但人类对光线的反应与菜鸟鼠还是不尽相同的。

Still, though, its also worth considering that humans evolved over millions of years rising with the sun and going to sleep when it got dark. Its only relatively recently, with the advent of artificial light, that we began being exposed to light at all hours of the day and night.
同时，人类在几百年来的进化过程中形成的日出而作日落而息的生活习惯也是可以考虑的一个原因。但，因为近代人造光的创造，人类开始日日夜夜暴露在光线下。

Night work
夜间工作

So its not such a radical notion that being up at night in the light when the body is built to be asleep in the dark could have some detrimental effects.
因此，大家在本该休息的夜间暴露在光下工作会产生肯定的不利影响，这并非一种激进的思维方法。

The science on the question is still evolving, but the bottom line is that theres some reason to be wary of being too much in the light.
在这个问题上，科学常识仍在继续进步和壮大，但过多地暴露在光线下这个问题还要大家警觉的。